Sunday, 22 April 2012

Preposisi dan Kata Penghubung Waktu – for / during / while / when

00:36 | Posted by Jendela Ilmu | Edit Post

1. For
For menunjukkan berapa lama sesuatu terjadi. Ini digunakan untuk menunjuk pada sebuah periode waktu. Contoh:
  • We’re going to live in Malta for 6 months.
  • She’s in New York for a few days.
  • We went to Saudi Arabia for a week.
Lihat juga unit terkait tentang Present Perfect dan since.
2. While / During
During dan while menunjuk pada sebuah periode waktu dimana sesuatu terjadi. Contoh:
  • My phone rang while I was in a meeting.
  • My phone rang during the meeting.
During digunakan bersama kata benda atau frase kata benda. Contoh:
  • We were busy during the weekend.
  • During the night the cat woke me up.
  • The Athenians suffered heavy losses during the battle of Salamis.
While digunakan bersama subjek dan kata kerja. Contoh:
  • We went shopping while you were sleeping.
  • You shouldn’t eat while you are in the library.
  • While I was working I got an email from Tamara.
3. When / While
When dan while keduanya bisa digunakan apabila dua hal terjadi pada saat yang sama.
Apabila dua tindakan kontinyu terjadi pada saat yang sama, biasanya kita menggunakan while. Contoh:
  • “While you were studying I went out shopping.” Studying dan shopping adalah tindakan.
Apabila dua peristiwa singkat terjadi pada saat yang sama, kita menggunakan when. Contoh:
  • “When I saw you I didn’t recognize you.” I saw you dan I didn’t recognize you adalah peristiwa tersendiri.
  • I heard you when you opened the door.
Dalam situasi ini, penggunaan while tidak benar. Contoh
  • “While I saw you I didn’t recognize you.”
Jika salah satu situasi dasar kontinyu terjadi dan satu kejadian singkat lainnya terjadi pada saat yang sama, maka when maupun while keduanya bisa digunakan. Contoh:
  • “When I was in Rome I met my wife.” – “While I was in Rome I met my wife.”
  • “I cut myself while I was cooking dinner.” – “I cut myself when I was cooking dinner.”
Posisi klausa while dan when dapat saling ditukar yang biasanya menghasilkan sedikit perbedaan makna.
  • Don’t forget to lock the door when you go out. – When you go out don’t forget to lock the door.
  • We’re still growing while other businesses are losing clients. – While other businesses are losing clients, we’re still growing.
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